China's Helping Hand In Laos | Dw Documentary

Laos, a land of ancient traditions and untouched nature, is currently at a crossroads where these elements collide with urban development. The country has embarked on an ambitious plan to build dams, massive engineering projects, in order to catch up with its wealthier neighbors. However, this pursuit of progress comes with its own set of challenges and consequences.

One of the major concerns surrounding the dam projects is their impact on the Mekong River, a vital waterway in Asia. Fishermen, like Sirhood, who have spent their lives on the river are worried about the disruption of fish migration routes, spawning grounds, and fishing waters. If the dams are built, they fear they may no longer be allowed to fish in certain areas, possibly turning them into nature reserves. Furthermore, the fishing times could also change, affecting the livelihoods of those dependent on fishing.

Laos aims to become the "battery of Southeast Asia" by building around 100 dams, with 78 already constructed. These projects, however, often come at a cost to local communities. The Namo one power plant, for instance, was built by China on the Mekong River, displacing the village of Lutta Hair. The villagers had to make way for the dam, with their old temple now mostly submerged in the reservoir. While the government asserts that such sacrifices are necessary for the greater good, not everyone in the village shares this sentiment. The compensation provided to residents may have been equal, but the loss of their old way of life and the smaller plots of land they now occupy have left a void in their souls.

Section 2: The Challenges of Economic Development and Foreign Debt

Laos, despite its natural beauty, is one of the poorest countries in Asia. To finance its ambitious development plans, the country has borrowed heavily from China, its largest investor. However, the high foreign debt, compounded by the economic repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to the decline of the country's currency. This decline in currency value has had a profound impact on the daily lives of its citizens, particularly in terms of rising prices. The situation is particularly dire for farmers, who now have to contend with soaring fertilizer prices as a result of the hydropower plants affecting the quality of the soil.

Amidst this economic turmoil, the Lao government is striving to control inflation and boost commerce. China's investment in a new railway line from the Chinese border to Laos' capital, Vientiane, is seen as a potential lifeline for economic growth. The railway transportation promises faster delivery of goods and greater accessibility, opening up opportunities for trade and tourism. As Laos transitions from a landlocked to a land-linked country, farmers, particularly those in the north, can take advantage of proximity to fast-growing markets, thus reducing poverty levels.

Section 3: The Hopes and Controversies Surrounding Hydropower and Tourism

Laos sees hydropower as a source of foreign exchange earnings, estimating that it could bring in up to 2.6 billion euros annually. This, coupled with the potential of tourism, is seen as the light at the end of the tunnel in the country's quest for economic development. However, opposition to the construction of too many dams is growing in neighboring countries due to concerns about their impact on fishing and the environment.

Despite the controversies, there is still hope among the Lao people, particularly the younger generation, that the end of the pandemic will bring about positive change. Green hydropower and tourism are envisioned as catalysts for progress. The promise of economic opportunities and a brighter future for the country is evident in the development of modern train stations, improved infrastructure, and the reduction of poverty rates.

The Mekong River, with its diverse wildlife and importance to millions of people, remains a symbol of life and livelihood. While the future impact of the dam projects is uncertain, for now, the river continues to flow, a testament to the delicate balance between development and preserving the natural wonders that Laos is known for.

In conclusion, Laos finds itself at a crucial juncture, where the clash of tradition, nature, and development creates both opportunities and challenges. The country's pursuit of economic progress through dam construction and foreign investment is accompanied by concerns about the environment, loss of cultural heritage, and the well-being of its citizens. Striking a balance between development and sustainability is essential for Laos to navigate its way forward. The decisions made today will shape the future not only for Laos but also for the entire Mekong region.